There are several reasons why giant pandas are black and white.
First, the black and white pattern helps giant pandas blend into their natural habitat. Specifically, the presence of white fur helps the giant pandas hide in the snowy surroundings. Meanwhile, black fur allows them to match the shadowy forest. The black and white colors of the coat create disruptive coloration that is intended to break up their outline and hide them from view at a distance.
Second, the contrast is useful for the communication of pandas:
- Possession of black ear patches may scare predators.
- Dark eye patches help gardeners distinguish the panda individually.
- It has been assumed that the coloration is also beneficial for temperature control, since black patches absorb heat while white areas reflect it.
Last but not least, it is an evolutionary compromise between the two types of habitats where pandas live. Throughout the year, pandas are not truly camouflaged in the snowy landscapes and the forests they have to inhabit to feed. The black and white coloration is unusual, having no known analogue in other species.
The following are a few points to consider:
- They are more difficult to see at first glance.
- Reflects temperature.
- Physiological changes in behavior.
Thus, the combination of coloration is beneficial for giant pandas in terms of their survival and interaction with other individuals.